Treatment guides
Cancer treatment options
Understand the treatment. See where the evidence leads. Explore what may be possible for you.
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Selected global treatment advances
Six medicines advancing treatment in defined cancer settings. Explore how they compare with existing options, what the evidence shows and where approved treatment is available.
Ivonescimab
A PD-1 × VEGF bispecific antibody bringing a new immune–vascular strategy to advanced lung cancer, with direct comparative evidence against pembrolizumab.
Read the guideSKB264
A TROP2-directed ADC expanding options in breast cancer and after EGFR-targeted treatment in lung cancer.
Read the guideCT041 / satri-cel
The first CAR-T product approved for a solid tumor, bringing a cell-therapy approach to selected CLDN18.2-positive gastric and GEJ cancers.
Read the guideiza-bren
An EGFR × HER3 bispecific ADC opening another treatment route after chemotherapy and immunotherapy in selected nasopharyngeal and esophageal cancers.
Read the guideMRG003
An EGFR-directed ADC addressing the need for further treatment in previously treated nasopharyngeal cancer.
Read the guideCadonilimab
A PD-1 × CTLA-4 bispecific antibody extending dual-checkpoint treatment into defined cervical and gastric cancer settings.
Read the guide02
Explore treatment approaches
A treatment is chosen around your diagnosis, biomarkers, previous care and goals. Start with the approach you want to understand.
Drug treatments
Medicines that act on cancer cells, signals or hormone pathways.
- ChemotherapyHow chemotherapy fits into cancer care, what a regimen means, and how treatment and recovery are planned.
- Hormone therapyTreatment for hormone-sensitive cancers, including how biomarkers, resistance and long-term monitoring affect choices.
- Targeted therapyMatch the drug to a meaningful cancer target, interpret testing and understand what happens when resistance develops.
- Antibody–drug conjugatesUnderstand ADC targets, payloads, treatment selection and why one ADC cannot be substituted for another.
- Bispecific antibodiesTwo targets can serve very different purposes: compare T-cell engagement, dual checkpoints and immune–vascular strategies.
Immunotherapy & cell therapy
From immune checkpoints to living-cell treatments.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitorsHow PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 treatments are selected, combined and monitored for immune-related side effects.
- CAR-T cell therapyEngineered T cells, from established blood-cancer applications to a defined solid-tumor approval, with selection and follow-up explained.
- TIL therapyUsing immune cells from the tumor: tissue collection, manufacturing, conditioning and the demands of treatment.
- TCR-T cell therapyEngineered T-cell receptors can recognize intracellular tumor antigens, but HLA matching makes selection especially specific.
- NK & CAR-NK cell therapyUnderstand the promise of natural killer cells, the difference between products and the limits of early clinical evidence.
Genes, viruses & cancer vaccines
Established examples and emerging approaches, with their limits.
- Cancer gene therapyHow gene delivery differs from genetic testing, with Gendicine as a defined example and clear limits on broader claims.
- Oncolytic virus therapyTumor-targeting viruses, local delivery and immune effects, with product-specific evidence and eligibility.
- Cancer treatment vaccinesDistinguish preventive vaccines from therapeutic vaccines, including personalized neoantigen approaches still under study.
Radiation therapy
Choose the radiation plan around the tumor and nearby organs.
- IMRT & image-guided radiotherapyHow IMRT, VMAT and image guidance shape radiation around the tumor, and what makes a plan clinically useful.
- SBRT & stereotactic radiosurgeryHighly focused radiation for selected tumors: understand size, location, motion and previous-radiation constraints.
- Proton therapyWhen reducing radiation beyond the tumor may matter, and how to compare a proton plan with modern photon treatment.
- Carbon-ion radiotherapyA particle treatment with distinctive physical and biological properties, requiring careful disease-specific assessment.
- BrachytherapyRadiation placed in or near the tumor, including its essential role in selected cervical and prostate cancer care.
Nuclear medicine
Targeted radiation delivered through a radiopharmaceutical.
Cancer surgery
Removing cancer while protecting function and recovery.
Interventional & regional treatments
Treatments directed at a tumor, organ or body cavity.
- Tumor ablationDestroying selected tumors in place with heat or cold, while accounting for margins and nearby structures.
- TACE, radioembolization & HAICCompare three artery-directed approaches and the liver-function assessment that determines whether treatment is feasible.
- Cytoreductive surgery & HIPECA major treatment for carefully selected peritoneal disease, where completeness of surgery and tumor biology are decisive.
Blood stem cell transplantation
Restoring blood formation and, in donor transplantation, an immune effect.
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Clinical trial matching
Start with your situation. Learn how AI-assisted exploration connects with human review and research-center coordination.
Study eligibility requires review by the trial team.